Nutrition and Diet

Question 1:

Fill in the blanks.
(a) The process of intake of food and utilising it for all life processes is called .......... .
(b) All the substances in our food which are useful for various bodily processes are called .......... .
(c) Carbohydrates and .......... provide .......... to our body.
(d) In a balanced diet, all the nutrients are present in the ....... proportion.
(e) In the food pyramid, cereals are given the maximum space because they fulfil our .......... requirement.
(f) Intake of more food than necessary causes .......... .

ANSWER:

(a) The process of intake of food and utilising it for all life processes is called nutrition.
(b) All the substances in our food which are useful for various bodily processes are called nutrients.
(c) Carbohydrates and fats provide energy to our body.
(d) In a balanced diet, all the nutrients are present in the right proportion.
(e) In the food pyramid, cereals are given the maximum space because they fulfil our nutritional requirement.
(f) Intake of more food than necessary causes overnutrition.

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Question 2:

Spot the following in the table of vitamins and minerals.
(a) The nutrient present in citrous fruits.
(b) Vitamins / minerals present in milk.
(c) Causes and symptoms of night blindness, scurvy, rickets, beriberi.
(d) Foods required to prevent the above diseases.
(e) Causes of anaemia.
(f) Essential mineral for healthy bones and teeth.
(g) Sensory organ affected due to the deficiency of Vitamin A

ANSWER:

(a) The nutrient present in citrous fruits- Vitamin C
(b) Vitamins / minerals present in milk- Vitamin B₁₂ and Vitamin D.
(c) Causes and symptoms of night blindness, scurvy, rickets, beriberi
 

Disease	Causes	Symptoms
Night blindness	Deficiency of Vitamin A	Inability to see in dim light
Scurvy	Deficiency of Vitamin C	Bleeding of gums
Rickets	Deficiency of Vitamin D	Softening of pones causing pain and fractures
Beri beri	Deficiency of Vitamin B1	Nerve disorders

(d) Foods required to prevent the above diseases.
 

Disease	Foods to avoid these diseases
Night blindness	Carrot, milk, butter, dark green vegetables, sweet potato
Scurvy	Amla, kiwi, oranges, other citrus fruits, tomato, green leafy vegetables
Rickets	Milk, fish, eggs and butter
Beri beri	Milk, fish, meat, cereals, nuts, pulses

(e) Causes of anaemia- defeciency of iron can result in anaemia as it is required for the formation of red blood cells.
(f) Essential mineral for healthy bones and teeth- Vitamin D
(g) Sensory organ affected due to the deficiency of Vitamin A- Eyes

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Question 3:

Choose the correct alternative.

(a) Pulses are a very good source of .......... .

(1) carbohydrates	(2) proteins
(3) fats	(4) minerals

(b) .......... provide maximum energy to the body.

(1) Cereals	(2) Leafy vegetables
(3) Water	(4) Amla

(c) Goitre is caused by a deficiency of the mineral .......... .

(1) iron	(2) calcium
(3) iodine	(4) potassium

(d) .......... is a type of junk food.

(1) Orange	(2) Milk
(3) Bhakri	(4) Chocolate

ANSWER:

(a) Pulses are a very good source of proteins.
(b)Cereals provide maximum energy to the body.
(c) Goitre is caused by a deficiency of the mineral iodine.
(d) Chocolate is a type of junk food.

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Question 4:

Use the food pyramid to select food items of your choice for three days.
Conditions :
(1) The diet for all three days should be balanced.
(2) There should be variety in the items chosen for the three days.

ANSWER:

Day 1-
Cereal like cornflakes and milk, apple, roti, sabzi and dal

Day 2
Bread and butter with milk, rice/ roti and chicken, curd, any one type of fruit, salad

Day 3
Poha, green vegetable and dal with rice or roti, raita, one fruit, vegetable sandwich.